《植物生理学报》 2021, 57(4): 759-766

植物盐胁迫诱导启动子及其顺式作用元件研究进展

徐金龙，张文静，向凤宁^*

山东大学生命科学学院, 植物发育与环境适应生物学教育部重点实验室, 山东青岛266237

通信作者：向凤宁；E-mail: xfn0990@163.com

摘　要：

土壤盐渍化严重限制了植物的生长并导致作物减产, 培育作物耐盐新品种是利用盐土的有效手段。一直以来, 人们常用35S组成型启动子驱动耐盐基因来培育耐盐新品种, 但其持续过量地驱动外源基因表达易阻碍植物生长而导致农作物减产。诱导型启动子驱动的外源基因仅在胁迫诱导下表达, 可降低外源基因过表达引起的能量浪费。诱导型顺式作用元件与核心启动子组成的人工启动子可实现对胁迫应答基因表达的精确调控。本文从盐胁迫诱导启动子的结构及特点、响应盐胁迫诱导启动子中的顺式作用元件以及盐胁迫诱导启动子在作物育种方面的应用等方面综述了高等植物中盐胁迫诱导启动子及其顺式作用元件的研究进展, 以期为农业生产提供更好的指导。

关键词： 盐胁迫; 顺式作用元件; 胁迫诱导; 启动子

收稿：2020-05-20   修定：2021-03-19

资助：NSFC-山东联合基金(U1906203)、国家自然科学基金 (31770317和31970189)、国家转基因生物新品种培育重 大专项(2016ZX08010002-009)和国家转基因重大专项 (2018ZX0800914B)

Advances in stress inducible promoter and cis-acting elements in higher plants

XU Jinlong, ZHANG Wenjing, XIANG Fengning^*

College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China

Corresponding author: XIANG Fengning; E-mail: xfn0990@163.com

Abstract:

Soil salinization severely restricts the growth of plants, and breeding new varieties of crops tolerant to salt is an effective means of utilizing saline soil. The 35S constitutive promoter has always been used to cultivate new salt-tolerant varieties, but the continued excessive driving of the expression of exogenous genes is likely to hinder plant growth and reduce yield. Exogenous genes driven by inducible promoters are expressed only under stress induction, which can reduce energy waste caused by overexpression of exogenous genes. An artifcial promoter composed of an inducible cis-acting element and a core promoter can achieve precise regulation of target functional gene expression. In this paper, the structure and characteristics of the salt-stress-inducible promoter and the cis-acting element in the promoter The application progress of salt stress-inducible promoters in crop breeding and other aspects are reviewed. The research progress of salt-stress-inducible promoters and their cis-acting elements in higher plants is reviewed in order to provide better guidance for agricultural production.

Key words: salt stress; cis-acting elements; stress inducible; promoter